Optical splitter fiber is a crucial component in passive optical network, and its lifespan directly impacts the entire link.
Optical Splitter Fiber Theoretical Lifespan
In theory, the industry standard design lifespan of common fiber optic cable splitters (such as those installed in conventional building electrical shafts) is 20 years, consistent with the lifespan of the fiber optic link. In specialized scenarios (such as submarine cable splitters), enhanced protective structures can extend the lifespan to 25 years. High-quality PLC splitters, if used consistently in a constant temperature, low-humidity environment, can extend this lifespan to 30 years.
Maintenance Measures to Extend Lifespan of Optical Splitter Fiber
The lifespan of a FO splitter is affected by many factors during actual use, but there are some measures that can be taken to extend its lifespan.
Installation Protection
If used outdoors, the fo splitter should be enclosed in an IP65 or IP68 protective box, and sealed with waterproof rubber gaskets to prevent moisture intrusion. When coiling excess fiber, ensure the bend radius is greater than 20 times the fiber diameter (e.g., 9μm fiber > 180μm) to prevent excessive fiber loss.
IP68 Optical Splitter Closure
IP65 Fiber Distribution Box
IP65 Fiber Splitter Box
Regular Maintenance
Clean fiber optic connector interfaces quarterly (wipe with alcohol wipes in one direction) to reduce contamination losses. Check link attenuation annually with an OTDR. Replace the cable if the slope exceeds 0.4dB/km.
Environmental Control
Typical operating temperature of optical splitter fiber is 0°C to 40°C. Install a heat sink for high-temperature environments. The typical humidity range for optical spiltter is 10% to 80%. Suggest to use a sealant desiccant for humid environments.
When we perform maintenance, please follow this order: control temperature and humidity > physical protection > regular cleaning.
Factors That Shorten Llifespan of Optical Splitter Fiber
| Influencing factors | Typical Scenarios | Lifespan reduction |
| High temperature/high humidity | Industrial workshops (>50°C) | 30%-50% shorter, to only 10-15 years. |
| Strong electromagnetic interference | Near medical MRI equipment | Shielding failure can halve the lifespan. |
| Physical vibration | Mobile medical vehicles, base stations | ABS encapsulated models have a lifespan reduced to 8-12 years. |
| Chemical corrosion | Operating room disinfectants (alcohol, hydrogen peroxide) | Non-stainless steel encapsulated models have a lifespan of <10 years. |
Conclusion
Most optical splitter fiber have a lifespan of 20 years, though a realistic 25-year lifespan is possible under ideal conditions. Extreme environments, such as those with strong corrosion or vibration, can reduce the lifespan to 8-10 years, requiring specialized models (such as industrial-grade stainless steel). The longest lifespan of 30 years is limited to laboratory-grade PLC splitters, which are more expensive.
